k_sin.c

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/* @(#)k_sin.c 5.1 93/09/24 */
/*
 * ====================================================
 * Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business.
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
 * software is freely granted, provided that this notice 
 * is preserved.
 * ====================================================
 */

/* __kernel_sin( x, y, iy)
 * kernel sin function on [-pi/4, pi/4], pi/4 ~ 0.7854
 * Input x is assumed to be bounded by ~pi/4 in magnitude.
 * Input y is the tail of x.
 * Input iy indicates whether y is 0. (if iy=0, y assume to be 0). 
 *
 * Algorithm
 *  1. Since sin(-x) = -sin(x), we need only to consider positive x. 
 *  2. if x < 2^-27 (hx<0x3e400000 0), return x with inexact if x!=0.
 *  3. sin(x) is approximated by a polynomial of degree 13 on
 *     [0,pi/4]
 *                   3            13
 *      sin(x) ~ x + S1*x + ... + S6*x
 *     where
 *  
 *  |sin(x)         2     4     6     8     10     12  |     -58
 *  |----- - (1+S1*x +S2*x +S3*x +S4*x +S5*x  +S6*x   )| <= 2
 *  |  x                               | 
 * 
 *  4. sin(x+y) = sin(x) + sin'(x')*y
 *          ~ sin(x) + (1-x*x/2)*y
 *     For better accuracy, let 
 *           3      2      2      2      2
 *      r = x *(S2+x *(S3+x *(S4+x *(S5+x *S6))))
 *     then                   3    2
 *      sin(x) = x + (S1*x + (x *(r-y/2)+y))
 */

#include "math.h"
#include "math_private.h"

static const double 
half =  5.00000000000000000000e-01, /* 0x3FE00000, 0x00000000 */
S1  = -1.66666666666666324348e-01, /* 0xBFC55555, 0x55555549 */
S2  =  8.33333333332248946124e-03, /* 0x3F811111, 0x1110F8A6 */
S3  = -1.98412698298579493134e-04, /* 0xBF2A01A0, 0x19C161D5 */
S4  =  2.75573137070700676789e-06, /* 0x3EC71DE3, 0x57B1FE7D */
S5  = -2.50507602534068634195e-08, /* 0xBE5AE5E6, 0x8A2B9CEB */
S6  =  1.58969099521155010221e-10; /* 0x3DE5D93A, 0x5ACFD57C */

double
__kernel_sin(double x, double y, int iy)
{
    double z,r,v;
    int32_t ix;
    GET_HIGH_WORD(ix,x);
    ix &= 0x7fffffff;           /* high word of x */
    if(ix<0x3e400000)           /* |x| < 2**-27 */
       {if((int)x==0) return x;}        /* generate inexact */
    z   =  x*x;
    v   =  z*x;
    r   =  S2+z*(S3+z*(S4+z*(S5+z*S6)));
    if(iy==0) return x+v*(S1+z*r);
    else      return x-((z*(half*y-v*r)-y)-v*S1);
}